HYPERTENSION Hypertension is a very common disorder particularly in past middle age.. Hypertension itself is not a disease, But a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality or mobility.. Hypertension is also known as (High Blood Pressure) .. Blood pressure is the force of your blood pushing , against the wall of the artries.. The normal range of blood pressure is 120/80mmHg.. High Blood pressure or Hypertension is the condition, In which the blood vessels have persistently raised pressure .. Hypertension is a seriously mental health condition increased the risk of Stroke, brain, kidney and other problems .. It is a major cause of premature death worldwide with upwards of 1 in 4 men and 1 in 5 women .. * What are the symptoms of hypertension Dizziness Highblood pressure Nausea Vomiting Irregular heartbeat Mental confusion *What causes Hypertension . High salt in you...
Clinical trials
When the world is suffering from this pandemic and waiting for the vaccine, the researchers and scientist working hard to make covid-19 vaccine..
But all vaccine are in their phases of clinical trials.. After the successful completion of trials, vaccine is approved from higher authorities..
Before the clinincal trial, their is a preclinical trials In which the drug susbstance or sample,we made is tested on animals.. Only after the successful completion of preclinical trials..The drug sample is approved for clinical trials..
What is clinical trials?
The first proper clinical trial was conducted by the physician Linb..
Clinical trial is a systematic investigation in human subjects for evaluating the safety and efficacy of a new new drug substance..
There are 4 phases of clinical trials..
Phase 0
.Microdosing study
.Not been technally fully developed
. Nor mendatory
.Less than 1/100
.To obtain preliminary pharmacokinetic data..
Phase 1-Human pharmacology and safety
.Carried out by qualified clinical .pharmacologist /Trained physician
.Healthy voluntees
.20-80 volunteers
.Lowest dose 1/100 and highest 1/10
.Determined dose range
.Safety, Tolerability
.Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic
.Duration -6Months
Phase 2-Therapeutic exploration and dose ranging
.100-500 volunteers
.Therapeutic efficacy, Ceiling effect
.Control and randomized
.Blinded and open label
.Duration -6 months to 3 years
Phase 3-Therapeutic confirmation /Comparison
.500-3000 volunteers
.Comparison to existing therapy
.Safety nd tolerabolity on larger scale
.Aim to establish the value of drug
.Duration -Take upto 5 years
Phase 4-Post maketting survelliance /Data gathering studeies
.Collect the data from physicians
.Physicians identified data about efficacy, acceptability and adverse effect..
.Uncommon idosyncratic adverse effect
Comments